Ασφάλεια
Η ακατάλληλη χρήση των πυροτεχνημάτων μπορεί να είναι επικίνδυνη, τόσο για αυτούς που τα επιβλέπουν (εγκαύματα, πληγές) όσο και για τους περαστικούς - θεατές, επιπλέον, μπορεί να ξεκινήσουν φωτιές κατά την πτώση εύφλεκτων υλικών. Για το λόγο αυτό, Η χρήση των πυροτεχνημάτων γενικά απαγορεύεται βάση νόμου. Η επίδειξη των πυροτεχνημάτων περιορίζεται από το νόμο ως προς τη χρήση από επαγγελματίες, τα τεμάχια που διατίθενται για το κοινό είναι πιο απομιμήσεις των αυθεντικών για να μειωθεί ο κίνδυνος.
Τα πυροτεχνήματα αποτελούν πρόβλημα και για τα ζώα τόσο τα κατοικίδια όσο και για τα άγρια τα οποία τρομοκρατούνται από το δυνατό θόρυβο, και τρέπονται σε φυγή με συνέπεια να τραυματίζονται.
Safety
Improper use of fireworks may be dangerous, both to the person operating them (risks of burns and wounds) and to bystanders; in addition, they may start fires after landing on flammable material. For this reason, the use of fireworks is generally legally restricted. Display fireworks are restricted by law for use by professionals; consumer items, available to the public, are smaller versions containing limited amounts of explosive material to reduce potential danger.Fireworks are also a problem for animals, both domestic and wild, who can be terrified by their noise, leading to them running away, often into danger, or hurting themselves on fences or in other ways in an attempt to escape.[3][4][5]
ΤΑΞΙΝΟΜΗΣΗ ΠΥΡΟΤΕΧΝΗΜΑΤΩΝ ΣΤΗ ΒΡΕΤΑΝΙΑ
Η Βρετανία έχει το δικό της σύστημα ταξινόμησης των πυροτεχνημάτων.
Κατηγορία 1 : πυροτεχνήματα εσωτερικού χώρου, για χρήση σε μικρές περιοχές
Κατηγορία 2 : πυροτεχνήτα κήπου, πρέπει να είναι ασφαλώς ορατά από τα πέντε μέτρα και δεν πρέπει να διασκορπίζονται απομεινάρια πέρα των τριων μέτρων.
Κατηγορία 3 : πυροτεχνήματα επιδείξεων, πρέπει να είναι ασφαλώς ορατά από τα 25 μέτρα και δεν πρέπι να διασκορπίζονται απομεινάρια πάνω από τα 50 μέτρα.
Κατηγορία 4 : πυροτεχνήματα για επαγγελματική χρήση, ο χρήστης πρέπει να έχει επαρκή ασφάλιση και χώρο αποθήκευσης για αγορά και χρήση αυτών των πυροτεχνημάτων. Η ασφάλεια μπορεί να πετύχει εφόσον οι χρήστες έχουν καλή γνώση των κινδύνων, της σωστής χρήσης και αποθήκευσης της κατηγορίας 4 των πυροτεχνημάτων. Δεν υπάρχει κάποια μορφή άδειας για να αγοράσεις ή να χρησιμοποιήσεις πυροτεχνήματα κατηγορίας 4.
British fireworks classification
British firework classification
Britain has its own system of classifying fireworks.- Category 1 - indoor fireworks, for use in small areas.
- Category 2 - garden fireworks; must be safely viewable from 5 meters and must not scatter debris beyond 3 meters.
- Category 3 - display fireworks; must be safely viewable from 25 meters and must not scatter debris beyond 50 meters.
- Category 4 - professional fireworks; a person must have adequate insurance and storage to purchase and use these fireworks. Insurance can only be obtained once they have a knowledge of the safe use and storage of Category 4 fireworks. There is no such thing as a "license" to buy or use Category 4 fireworks.
[edit] Previous US Department of Transportation (DOT) explosives classifications
Explosives, including fireworks, were previously divided into three classifications for transportation purposes by the DOT.-
Class A explosives included high explosives such as dynamite, TNT, blasting caps, packages of flash powder, bulk packages of black powder and blasting agents such as ANFO and other slurry types of explosives. -
Class B or class A explosives included low explosives such packages of flash powder and "special fireworks" which were the larger and more powerful fireworks used at most public displays. - Class C explosives included other low explosives such as igniters, fuses and "common fireworks", which were the smaller and less powerful fireworks available for sale to and use by the general public.
Νέες Τάξεις Εκρηκτικών
Η κυβέρνηση των ΗΠΑ χρησιμοποιεί πλέον το Ναυτιλιακό Σύστημα Κατανομής Των Εκρηκτικών των Ηνωμένων Εθνών. Το καινούριο αυτό σύστημα βασίζεται στους κινδύνους της ναυτιλίας και μόνο, έναντι του παλιού συστήματος των ΗΠΑ στους κινδύνους στη ναυτιλία και στη χρήση.
[edit] New explosives classes
The U.S. government now uses the United Nations explosives shipping classification system. This new system is based on hazard in shipping only, vs. the old USA system of both shipping and use hazards. The BATF and most states performed a direct substitution of Shipping Class 1.3 for Class B, and Shipping Class 1.4 for Class C. This allows some hazardous items that would have previously been classified as Class B and regulated to be classified as Shipping Class 1.4 due to some packaging method that confines any explosion to the package. Being Shipping Class 1.4, they can now be sold to the general public and are unregulated by the BATF.A code number and suffix (such as 1.3G) is not enough to fully describe a material and how it is regulated, especially in Shipping Class 1.4G. It also must have a UN Number that exactly describes the material. For example, common consumer fireworks are UN0336, or Shipping Class 1.4G UN0336.
Here are some common fireworks classes:
Class 1.1G (Mass Explosion Possible:Pyrotechnics) UN0094 Flashpowder
Class 1.1G (Mass Explosion Possible:Pyrotechnics) UN0333 Fireworks (Salutes in bulk or in manufacture)
Class 1.2G (Projection but not mass explosion:Pyrotechnics) UN0334 Fireworks (Rarely used)
Class 1.3G (Fire, Minor Blast:Pyrotechnics) UN0335 Fireworks (Most Display Fireworks) Current federal law states that (without appropriate ATF license/permit) the possession or sale of any display/professional fireworks is a felony punishable by up to 5 years in prison. Although some large firecracker items may be called "M-80's", "M-1000's", "Cherry bombs" or "Silver Salutes" by the manufacturer, they must contain less than 50-milligrams of flash or other explosive powder in order to be legally sold to consumers in the United States.
Any ground salute device with over 50 milligrams of explosive composition
Torpedoes (except for railroad signaling use)
Multi-tube devices containing over 500 grams of pyrotechnic composition and without 1/2" space between each tube
Any multiple tube fountains with over 500 grams of pyrotechnic composition and without 1/2" space between each tube
Any reloadable aerial shells over 1.75" diameter
Display shells
Any single-shot or reloadable aerial shell/mine/comet/tube with over 60 grams of pyrotechnic composition
Any Roman candle or rocket with over 20 grams of pyrotechnic composition
Any aerial salute with over 130 milligrams of explosive composition
Class 1.4G (Minor Explosion Hazard Confined To Package:Pyrotechnics) UN0336 Fireworks (Consumer or Common Fireworks) Most popular consumer fireworks sold in the US.
Reloadable aerial shells 1.75" or less sold in a box with not more than 12 shells and one launching tube
Single-shot aerial tubes
Skyrockets and missiles
Ground spinners, pinwheels and helicopters
Flares & fountains
Smoke and novelty items
Multi-shot aerial devices, or "cakes"
Firecracker packs (see this link for various brand/label images)
black snakes and strobes
Mines
Class 1.4S (Minor Explosion Hazard Confined To Package: Packed As To Not Hinder Nearby Firefighters) UN0336 Fireworks (Consumer or Common Fireworks)
Class 1.4G (Minor Explosion Hazard Confined To Package:Pyrotechnics) UN0431 ARTICLES, PYROTECHNIC for technical purposes (Proximate Pyrotechnics)- Class 1.4S (Minor Explosion Hazard Confined To Package: Packed As To Not Hinder Nearby Firefighters) UN0432 ARTICLES, PYROTECHNIC for technical purposes (Proximate Pyrotechnics)
